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AmJCaseRep

Myotoxic effect of Bothrops jararacussu snake venom on C2C12 muscle cells

Camila Aparecida Alves da Silva, Luciana Miato Gonçalves Silva, Cynthia Regina Rocha, Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira, Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari, José Carlos Cogo, Stella Regina Zamuner

Med Sci Tech 2012; 53(1): RA7-10

ID: 883044

Available online:

Published: 2012-06-15


Background:    Viperid snakebite envenoming is characterized by prominent local tissue damage, including muscle necrosis. A frequent outcome of such local pathology is deficient skeletal muscle regeneration, which causes muscle dysfunction, muscle loss and fibrosis, thus provoking permanent sequelae that greatly affect the quality of life of patients. The causes of such poor regenerative outcome of skeletal muscle after viperid snakebites are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of B. jararacussu snake venom on the viability and detachment of C2C12 muscle cells.
    Material/Methods:    C2C12 muscle cell line was used. The cells were grown in culture medium DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, incubated at 37°C with 5% CO2 for 24 hours for cell attachment; after that, the cells received the snake venom B. jararacussu in concentrations of 1, 6, 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/mL and were incubated for 15, 30 and 60 minutes. Cell viability and detachment were analyzed by MTT and crystal violet assay, respectively, using the ELISA reader (620nm) and the results were subjected to statistical analysis (p≤0.05 – ANOVA/Dunnet).
    Results:    Exposure of muscle cells to B. jararacussu venom, in monolayer culture, significantly decreased cell viability at 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/mL and increased the percentage of cell detachment at 6, 12.5, 25 and 50 µg/mL in a dose-dependent manner in all period of time studied, when compared with the control group.
    Conclusions:    It is concluded that Bothrops jararacussu venom is myotoxic for muscle cells and this effect is dose- and time-dependent.

Keywords: Bothrops jararacussu, myonecrosis, muscles cells, Cell Viability, detachment



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