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Introduction: The aim of the study was evaluation of the effect of individual factors (age, sex), calcium and phosphates metabolism and concentration of bone turnover markers (osteocalcin, carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen) on the degree of mandibular bone resorption in patients undergoing prosthetic treatment. Material and methods: 141 patients aged between 30 and 89 years were studied. The study comprised dental examination, pantomography of teeth, total serum calcium and phosphorus concentration and serum levels of osteocalcin and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen. Results: We observed mandibular atrophy in all studied subjects. The correlation between the age of subjects and degree of alveolar bone atrophy was observed in right (p<0.0001) and in left side of the mandible (p=0.0004). IC/IM index was 2.15 (1.8-2.4) in females and 2.38 (2-2.5) in males (p=0.019) in right side of the mandible and 2.08 (1.8-2.3) and 2.28 (1.9-2.6) respectively (p=0.08) for left side. Negative correlations were observed between the concentration of osteocalcin and value of IC/IM index in right side (r= - 0.32, p=0.0001) and left side of mandible (r= - 0.29, p=0.001) and between the concentration of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen and IC/IM index value in right side (r= - 0.31, p=0.0001) and left side of mandible (r= - 0.34, p=0.0001). Conclusions: Older age and female sex are connected with higher degree of mandibular resorption. Serum concentration of total calcium and phosphorus is not correlated with the degree of mandibular bone atrophy. The concentration of bone turnover markers negatively correlated with the value of IC/IM index in patients undergoing prosthetic treatment. (Clin Exp Med Lett 2007; 48(4): 229-234)

Keywords: bonebasis resorption, Mandible, prosthetic treatment, osteocalcin, C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen